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Open_Ultra_SAST/benchmarks/measurements/2026-09-08-model-entailment-ceiling-cpg.json
T
Marius CiepluchandClaude Opus 5 91c0931a05 measure(model-grounded-detection): group 4 ceiling, 39.1% entailed against the flat IR's 2.2% 
Full model layer over 92 pairs: 39.1% model_entailed (36/92), 45.6% reaching
any verdict, 23.9% distinguished -- an 18x lift in entailment from an arbiter
that makes no model calls at all.

Per family: untrusted_destination 0.80 entailed, injection 0.58 (0.36
distinguished), deserialization 0.33, prototype 0.14, config_secrets 0.10,
path 0.00. access_control reaches 6 of 8 pairs at 0.38 distinguished -- the
class no crash oracle can reach, arbitrated deterministically.

A hypothesis tested and discarded. From the group-2 misses I diagnosed path's
0/8 as a missing req.url source token and said so. The probe -- the same 8
pairs with and without the token -- returned 0/8 -> 0/8. Falsified. The real
cause is that the sink sits lexically inside an anonymous callback, so its
enclosing method is the closure (<lambda>0) and the sinkMethod == function
filter drops it; verdict(function="") on the same CPG returns model_entailed.

And the obvious fix for that is wrong. Relaxing the filter raises the number
with a FALSE witness: the flows found in the closure are `res -> readFileSync`
and `this -> ...`, neither of which is the vulnerability, whose real path
crosses a helper (req.url -> url -> resolveUrl -> possibleFilename). Turning a
miss into a wrong entailment is worse than the miss -- it is the arbiter
asserting something untrue, the one failure mode this architecture exists to
prevent. The correct fix is two-part and recorded: scope a sink to any method
lexically nested in the labeled function, and scope parameter sources to that
function's own parameters, then re-measure counting only real witnesses.

Every miss is classified and none is architectural: 23 sink absent from the
excerpt or unmodelled, 13 no recognisable source in the excerpt, 3 source
unmodelled with the idiom named.

Two honesty items in the artifact. 16 of 92 pairs carry no function label and
are arbitrated over the whole file, so a verdict can credit a different finding
than the labeled one -- owasp-python-hash (CWE-327) is credited for a
permissive set_cookie elsewhere in its file, on both sides. And config_secrets
conflates three abstractions: permissive setting values (implemented), weak
algorithm choice (facts already carry weak_literals, unwired) and hardcoded
secrets (needs a credential-literal check).

694 passing, mypy/ruff clean, gates byte-identical, zero orphaned modules.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <[email protected]>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01T7XD7x5KonMdmGRkp63EQG
2026-09-08 15:46:05 +02:00

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{
"flat_ir_baseline": {
"corroborated_one_hop": 0.239,
"entailed": 0.022,
"source": "2026-09-08-model-entailment-ceiling.json"
},
"generated": "2026-09-08",
"java_gap": "hutool-cve-2018-17297 has no path spec at all: task 4.2 authored path sinks for python and javascript only.",
"miss_cause_note": "Classified statically from the excerpt text. `source_unmodelled` names a recognisable untrusted-input idiom the fact tables do not carry -- req.url (raw Node HTTP, what a static file server reads) and request.POST/GET (Django) are the two that recur. These are one-line data additions, not architecture.",
"miss_causes": {
"no_recognisable_source_in_excerpt": {
"examples": [
"damn-vulnerable-graphql-application-views-resolve-pastes (injection)",
"djangoat-analytics-hits-by-ip (injection)",
"dsvpwa-handlers-do-bdr (injection)",
"dvpwa-student-create (injection)"
],
"pairs": 13
},
"sink_absent_from_excerpt_or_unmodelled": {
"examples": [
"sven-cwe-089-query-concat (injection)",
"hutool-cve-2018-17297 (path)",
"openssl-cve-2022-1292 (injection)",
"damn-vulnerable-graphql-application-views-mutate (injection)"
],
"pairs": 23
},
"source_unmodelled": {
"examples": [
"djangoat-views-reset-password (deserialization, request.POST)",
"dsvpwa-attacks-run (injection, handler.params)",
"angular-http-server-1-0-0 (path, req.url)"
],
"pairs": 3
}
},
"overall": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.4565,
"corroborated": 6,
"distinguished": 22,
"distinguished_rate": 0.2391,
"entailed": 36,
"entailed_rate": 0.3913,
"none": 50,
"pairs": 92
},
"path_family_probe": {
"actual_cause": "The sink is lexically inside an anonymous callback, so its enclosing method is the closure rather than the labeled function, and the verdict's `sinkMethod == function` filter drops it. On angular-http-server the sink `fs.readFileSync(possibleFilename)` sits in the callback passed to fs.stat, and Joern names its method `<lambda>0`; verdict(function='requestListener') returns None while verdict(function='') returns model_entailed. JavaScript is callback-heavy, so the labeled function and the method containing the sink routinely differ.",
"correct_fix": [
"scope a sink to any method lexically nested within the labeled function, not only the labeled function itself",
"scope parameter sources to the labeled function's own parameters, not every enclosing or lambda parameter",
"then re-measure: only a witness naming the real source should count"
],
"method": "the same 8 path pairs, run with and without req.url/request.url/req.path/url.parse added to the source facts",
"question": "Does the missing `req.url` source token explain path's 0/8?",
"result": {
"with_req_url_added": "0/8",
"with_shipped_facts": "0/8"
},
"verdict": "FALSIFIED. The source token was not the cause, and adding it converts nothing.",
"why_the_obvious_fix_is_wrong": "Relaxing the filter alone raises the number with a FALSE witness. With parameter sources on, the flows found in that closure are `res -> fs.readFileSync(...)` and `this -> ...`, neither of which is the vulnerability -- the real path is req.url -> url -> resolveUrl(...) -> possibleFilename -> sink, which also crosses a helper call. Turning a miss into a wrong entailment is worse than the miss: it is the arbiter asserting something untrue, which is the one failure mode this architecture exists to prevent."
},
"per_family": {
"access_control": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.75,
"corroborated": 6,
"distinguished": 3,
"distinguished_rate": 0.375,
"entailed": 0,
"entailed_rate": 0.0,
"none": 2,
"pairs": 8
},
"config_secrets": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.1,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 0,
"distinguished_rate": 0.0,
"entailed": 1,
"entailed_rate": 0.1,
"none": 9,
"pairs": 10
},
"deserialization": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.3333,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 1,
"distinguished_rate": 0.3333,
"entailed": 1,
"entailed_rate": 0.3333,
"none": 2,
"pairs": 3
},
"injection": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.58,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 18,
"distinguished_rate": 0.36,
"entailed": 29,
"entailed_rate": 0.58,
"none": 21,
"pairs": 50
},
"output_encoding": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.0,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 0,
"distinguished_rate": 0.0,
"entailed": 0,
"entailed_rate": 0.0,
"none": 1,
"pairs": 1
},
"path": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.0,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 0,
"distinguished_rate": 0.0,
"entailed": 0,
"entailed_rate": 0.0,
"none": 8,
"pairs": 8
},
"prototype": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.1429,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 0,
"distinguished_rate": 0.0,
"entailed": 1,
"entailed_rate": 0.1429,
"none": 6,
"pairs": 7
},
"untrusted_destination": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.8,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 0,
"distinguished_rate": 0.0,
"entailed": 4,
"entailed_rate": 0.8,
"none": 1,
"pairs": 5
}
},
"per_slice": {
"agent-vfc": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.2857,
"corroborated": 3,
"distinguished": 0,
"distinguished_rate": 0.0,
"entailed": 5,
"entailed_rate": 0.1786,
"none": 20,
"pairs": 28
},
"github": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.6667,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 2,
"distinguished_rate": 0.3333,
"entailed": 4,
"entailed_rate": 0.6667,
"none": 2,
"pairs": 6
},
"local": {
"any_verdict_rate": 1.0,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 0,
"distinguished_rate": 0.0,
"entailed": 2,
"entailed_rate": 1.0,
"none": 0,
"pairs": 2
},
"sast": {
"any_verdict_rate": 1.0,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 4,
"distinguished_rate": 0.5,
"entailed": 8,
"entailed_rate": 1.0,
"none": 0,
"pairs": 8
},
"vfc": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.0,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 0,
"distinguished_rate": 0.0,
"entailed": 0,
"entailed_rate": 0.0,
"none": 1,
"pairs": 1
},
"vfc-js": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.4706,
"corroborated": 0,
"distinguished": 4,
"distinguished_rate": 0.2353,
"entailed": 8,
"entailed_rate": 0.4706,
"none": 9,
"pairs": 17
},
"vibe-py": {
"any_verdict_rate": 0.4,
"corroborated": 3,
"distinguished": 12,
"distinguished_rate": 0.4,
"entailed": 9,
"entailed_rate": 0.3,
"none": 18,
"pairs": 30
}
},
"remeasured": {
"families": [
"access_control",
"config_secrets"
],
"pairs": 18,
"why": "access_control was measured before the constraint_params / word-boundary fixes, which had it reporting every operation as guarded; config_secrets was routed through taint instead of the constant-abstraction arm. The flow families were unaffected and keep their original numbers."
},
"rows": [
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "python",
"pair": "local-python-vulnerable",
"seconds": 32.4,
"slice": "local",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "request.args[\"expr\"] -> eval(request.args[\"expr\"]) (line 28, 1 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "local-javascript-vulnerable",
"seconds": 30.5,
"slice": "local",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "\"make \" + req.query.target -> childProcess.execSync(\"make \" + req.query.target) (line 14, 1 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "python",
"pair": "sven-cwe-078-os-system",
"seconds": 26.9,
"slice": "github",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "username -> os.system(\"useradd -G docker,wheel -p \" + encPass + \" \" + username) (line 10, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "python",
"pair": "sven-cwe-078-shell-true",
"seconds": 28.6,
"slice": "github",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "cmd -> _exec_cmd(self, cmd) (line 14, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "sven-cwe-089-execute-percent",
"seconds": 27.9,
"slice": "github",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "game -> cursor.execute(\"SELECT x,y,letter FROM moves WHERE gameID = %d;\" % game) (line 12, 3 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "sven-cwe-089-query-concat",
"seconds": 27.1,
"slice": "github",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "path",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "java",
"pair": "hutool-cve-2018-17297",
"seconds": 29.4,
"slice": "github",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "node-serialize-cve-2017-5941",
"seconds": 28.2,
"slice": "github",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "obj -> eval(\"(\" + obj + \")\") (line 4, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "python",
"pair": "owasp-python-codeinj",
"seconds": 28.0,
"slice": "sast",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "urllib.parse.unquote_plus(request.cookies.get(\"BenchmarkTest00074\", \"noCookieValueSupplied\")) -> exec(bar) (line 51, 9 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "deserialization",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "owasp-python-deser",
"seconds": 27.6,
"slice": "sast",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "urllib.parse.unquote_plus(request.cookies.get(\"BenchmarkTest00078\", \"noCookieValueSupplied\")) -> pickle.loads(base64.urlsafe_b64decode(bar)) (line 53, 12 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "owasp-python-cmdi",
"seconds": 27.7,
"slice": "sast",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "request.form.get(\"BenchmarkTest00165\") -> subprocess.run(argList, capture_output = True, encoding = \"utf-8\") (line 57, 15 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "owasp-python-sqli",
"seconds": 28.0,
"slice": "sast",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "request.form.get(\"BenchmarkTest00099\") -> cur.execute(sql) (line 49, 14 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "config_secrets",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "python",
"pair": "owasp-python-hash",
"seconds": 30.2,
"slice": "sast",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "response.set_cookie('BenchmarkTest00054', 'someSecret', max_age = 60 * 3, secure = True, path = request.path, domain = 'localhost') (line 26): permissive literal True"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "java",
"pair": "owasp-java-cmdi",
"seconds": 49.7,
"slice": "sast",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "getHeader(\"BenchmarkTest00007\") -> r.exec(args, argsEnv) (line 61, 10 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "java",
"pair": "owasp-java-sqli",
"seconds": 48.8,
"slice": "sast",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "getHeader(\"BenchmarkTest00008\") -> connection.prepareCall(sql) (line 57, 9 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "java",
"pair": "juliet-java-cwe78-exec",
"seconds": 47.9,
"slice": "sast",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "String data -> Runtime.getRuntime().exec(osCommand + data) (line 8, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "openssl-cve-2022-1292",
"seconds": 1.2,
"slice": "vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "damn-vulnerable-graphql-application-views-mutate",
"seconds": 26.8,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "damn-vulnerable-graphql-application-views-resolve-pastes",
"seconds": 26.9,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "damn-vulnerable-graphql-application-views-resolve-system-dia",
"seconds": 26.8,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "djangoat-analytics-hits-by-ip",
"seconds": 30.4,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "deserialization",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "djangoat-views-reset-password",
"seconds": 30.0,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "djangoat-views-user-view",
"seconds": 31.2,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "request -> User.objects.raw(\"SELECT * FROM %s WHERE user_id='%s' ORDER BY is_admin='0'\" % (table_name,user_id_form)) (line 22, 9 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "dsvpwa-attacks-run",
"seconds": 52.3,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "config_secrets",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "dsvpwa-dsvpwa-main",
"seconds": 30.5,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "dsvpwa-handlers-do-bdr",
"seconds": 41.2,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "config_secrets",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "dvpwa-app-init",
"seconds": 29.0,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "config_secrets",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "dvpwa-middlewares-session-middleware",
"seconds": 28.7,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "dvpwa-student-create",
"seconds": 40.0,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "deserialization",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "extremely-vulnerable-flask-app-account-before-request",
"seconds": 30.8,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "extremely-vulnerable-flask-app-account-search",
"seconds": 28.0,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "request.args.get('search', '') -> text(f\"text like '%{search_param}%'\") (line 20, 6 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "extremely-vulnerable-flask-app-signup-validate-token",
"seconds": 27.7,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "session -> session.execute(text(f\"\"\"\n SELECT id, code FROM {RegistrationCode.__tablename__} WHERE code = '{code}'\n \"\"\")) (line 15, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "access_control",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "threatbyte-api-v1-delete",
"seconds": 27.7,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_corroborated",
"witness": "delete line 28: obligated operation with no discharging guard, and no guarded sibling"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "access_control",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "threatbyte-api-v1-get",
"seconds": 30.8,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_corroborated",
"witness": "get line 27: obligated operation with no discharging guard, and no guarded sibling"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "threatbyte-routes-dashboard",
"seconds": 27.8,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "request.args.get('search', '') -> cursor.execute(s_query) (line 29, 8 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vampi-user-model-get-user",
"seconds": 27.4,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "access_control",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vampi-users-update-password",
"seconds": 30.3,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_corroborated",
"witness": "update_password line 16: obligated operation with no discharging guard, and no guarded sibling"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vfapi-main-delete-user",
"seconds": 27.6,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vfapi-main-put-user",
"seconds": 27.0,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vfapi-main-sql-return-users-from-username",
"seconds": 26.7,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "output_encoding",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vulnerable-python-apps-bad-mvc-do-get",
"seconds": 30.2,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "path",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vulnerable-python-apps-dir-traversal-do-get",
"seconds": 38.2,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vulnpy-cmdi-do-os-system",
"seconds": 45.5,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "command -> os.system(command) (line 14, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vulnpy-cmdi-do-subprocess-popen",
"seconds": 31.3,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "command -> subprocess.Popen(command, stdout = subprocess.PIPE, stderr = subprocess.STDOUT, shell = True) (line 14, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vulpy-libuser-create",
"seconds": 35.7,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "password -> c.execute(\"INSERT INTO users (username, password, failures, mfa_enabled, mfa_secret) VALUES ('%s', '%s', '%d', '%d', '%s')\" % (username,password,0,0,'')) (line 18, 4 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vulpy-libuser-login",
"seconds": 54.1,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "username -> c.execute(\"SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '{}' and password = '{}'\".format(username, password)) (line 20, 5 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "vulpy-libuser-password-change",
"seconds": 49.6,
"slice": "vibe-py",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "password -> c.execute(\"UPDATE users SET password = '{}' WHERE username = '{}'\".format(password, username)) (line 20, 5 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "path",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "angular-http-server-1-0-0",
"seconds": 32.3,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "apex-publish-static-files-2-0-0",
"seconds": 32.2,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "this -> execSync(\n\t\t\t\t'\"' + opts.sqlclPath + '\"' + // Sqlcl path\n\t\t\t\t' ' + opts.connectString + // Connect string (user/pass@server:port/sid)\n\t\t\t\t' @\"' + path.resolve(__dirname, 'lib/script') + '\"' + // Sql t (line 61, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "bestzip-2-1-6",
"seconds": 29.1,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "clamscan-1-2-0",
"seconds": 46.0,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "this -> execFile(self.settings[self.scanner].path, self._build_clam_args(path), (err, stdout, stderr) => {\n const {is_infected, viruses} = self._process_result(stdout, path);\n\n (line 1401, 49 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "diskusage-ng-0-2-6",
"seconds": 31.5,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "this -> exec('df -k \"' + path + '\"', function(err, stdout) {\n if (err) {\n return cb(err);\n }\n\n try {\n cb(null, parse(stdout));\n } catch (e) {\n cb(e (line 19, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "dns-sync-0-1-0",
"seconds": 30.6,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "hostname -> shell.exec(cmd, {silent: true}) (line 22, 7 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "path",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "glance-3-0-0",
"seconds": 29.5,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "hot-formula-parser-3-0-0",
"seconds": 47.8,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "yytext -> eval(\"[\" + yytext + \"]\") (line 166, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "libnmap-0-4-11",
"seconds": 31.1,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "pdf-image-1-0-5",
"seconds": 30.9,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "pidusage-1-0-0",
"seconds": 31.6,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "this -> exec(cmd + pid, function(err, stdout, stderr) {\n if(err)\n return done(err, null)\n\n stdout = stdout.split(os.EOL)[1]\n stdout = stdout.replace(/^\\s+/, '').replace(/\\s\\s+/g, ' ').sp (line 116, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "portprocesses-1-0-4",
"seconds": 29.0,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "path",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "serve-here-js-1-1-0",
"seconds": 28.6,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "static-eval-1-1-1",
"seconds": 35.5,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "thenify-3-3-0",
"seconds": 31.5,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "this -> eval(createWrapper($$__fn__$$.name, options)) (line 29, 4 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "underscore-1-13-0-0",
"seconds": 30.2,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": true,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "whereis-0-4-0",
"seconds": 29.1,
"slice": "vfc-js",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "name -> cp.exec('which ' + name, function(error, stdout, stderr) {\n stdout = stdout.split('\\n')[0];\n if (error || stderr || stdout === '' || stdout.charAt(0) !== '/') {\n stdout = stdout.split('\\n') (line 15, 3 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "untrusted_destination",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "anastasios-pw-session-14ec1a",
"seconds": 28.6,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "request: Request -> request.isNavigationRequest (line 14, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "untrusted_destination",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "astroclaw-pw-session-1553a8",
"seconds": 28.7,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "request: Request -> request.isNavigationRequest (line 14, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "config_secrets",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "capgo-app-hono-4dadd2",
"seconds": 30.7,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "path",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "dnf-plugin-anyrepo-config-26d19a",
"seconds": 27.4,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "prototype",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "edutrace-page-ee7ba2",
"seconds": 33.8,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "this -> setFormData(prevData => {\n const newData = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(prevData));\n let current = newData;\n for (let i = 0; i < keys.length - 1; i++) {\n current = current[keys[i]]; (line 65, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "prototype",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "etude-lexical-markdown-editorconfig-c61a8b",
"seconds": 28.7,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "prototype",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "etude-lexical-markdown-editorconfig-db4f54",
"seconds": 28.9,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "untrusted_destination",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "market-cap-route-4f8ae9",
"seconds": 29.6,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "request: NextRequest -> request.url (line 14, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "config_secrets",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "melodix-playerprovider-089931",
"seconds": 30.1,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "config_secrets",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "mercado-do-vale-news-catalogmetadataservice-9b5fcf",
"seconds": 28.5,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "prototype",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "money-track-category-icons-4d4a5b",
"seconds": 28.9,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "prototype",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "nestjs-filter-normalizer-aa0e60",
"seconds": 29.2,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "config_secrets",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "new-erp-final-app-6e9644",
"seconds": 30.7,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "untrusted_destination",
"fixed_rung": "model_entailed",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "nimestream-route-d17f53",
"seconds": 30.5,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "model_entailed",
"witness": "request -> request.url (line 14, 2 steps)"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "access_control",
"fixed_rung": "model_corroborated",
"language": "python",
"pair": "openniw-jobs-0fc947",
"seconds": 26.8,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "model_corroborated",
"witness": "get_job line 16: obligated operation with no discharging guard, and no guarded sibling"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "access_control",
"fixed_rung": "model_corroborated",
"language": "python",
"pair": "openniw-jobs-b74de3",
"seconds": 26.9,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "model_corroborated",
"witness": "get_job line 16: obligated operation with no discharging guard, and no guarded sibling"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "access_control",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "overleaf-with-claude-exportscontroller-3980b9",
"seconds": 1.1,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "prototype",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "popmark-editorconfig-e5ac40",
"seconds": 32.1,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "prototype",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "rag-pipeline-utils-config-handler-76e5f0",
"seconds": 31.8,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "config_secrets",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "registry-proxy-worker-426847",
"seconds": 28.4,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "access_control",
"fixed_rung": "model_corroborated",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "supplieradvisor-mvp-route-387bcf",
"seconds": 31.8,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "model_corroborated",
"witness": "PATCH line 37: obligated operation with no discharging guard, and no guarded sibling"
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "access_control",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "supplieradvisor-mvp-route-a69e8f",
"seconds": 30.4,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "tools-cli-tools-a96bc0",
"seconds": 29.0,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "path",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "trackly-cli-path-diagnostics-1c1aed",
"seconds": 29.9,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "path",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "upstreamdrift-local-server-c3a078",
"seconds": 28.4,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "untrusted_destination",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "python",
"pair": "waggledance-swarm-ssrf-host-guard-9a4548",
"seconds": 29.3,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "injection",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "workers-research-utils-209444",
"seconds": 31.8,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
},
{
"distinguished": false,
"family": "config_secrets",
"fixed_rung": "none",
"language": "javascript",
"pair": "zoonk-origin-bfbf67",
"seconds": 27.8,
"slice": "agent-vfc",
"vuln_rung": "none",
"witness": ""
}
],
"scope_caveat": {
"entailed_among_them": 14,
"examples": [
"hutool-cve-2018-17297",
"juliet-java-cwe78-exec",
"local-javascript-vulnerable",
"local-python-vulnerable",
"node-serialize-cve-2017-5941",
"owasp-java-cmdi"
],
"note": "These are arbitrated over the whole file rather than a labeled function, so a verdict may be about a real finding other than the labeled one. owasp-python-hash is the clear case: a CWE-327 weak-hash pair credited for a permissive set_cookie elsewhere in the file, on both sides.",
"of_total": 92,
"pairs_without_a_function_label": 16
},
"task": "model-grounded-detection 4.2 \u2014 entailment ceiling with the full model layer (taint + dominance)"
}
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